Формування морально-вольових якостей у підлітків у процесі занять фізичною культурою та спортом в кризових умовах

У статті проаналізовано ступінь проблеми формування морально-вольових якостей у підлітків в кризових умовах, викликаних воєнним станом в Україні. Визначено засоби виховання та вдосконалення морально-вольових якостей, вольових зусиль, які формуються не лише у процесі навчання, але й життєдіяльності загалом. Встановлено зв’язок між психологічними якостями підлітків та особистісними характеристиками, що мають за основу моральні критерії. Виокремлено позитивний вплив фізичної культури та спорту як важливих чинників у формуванні морально-вольових якостей підлітків.

The article analyzes the extent of the problem of the formation of moral and volitional qualities in teenagers in crisis conditions caused by the state of war in Ukraine. Means of education and improvement of moral and volitional qualities, volitional efforts, which are formed not only in the process of learning, but also in life in general, are defined. A connection between the psychological qualities of adolescents and personal characteristics based on moral criteria has been established. The positive influence of physical culture and sports is singled out as important factors in the formation of moral and willful qualities of teenagers. It is emphasized that in the process of training strong-willed qualities in physical education and sports, the main role is played by overcoming gradually increasing difficulties during training or competitions. This encourages perseverance, purposefulness, tenacity, the will to win, and creates confidence in one's abilities. Volitional qualities are formed through mandatory observance of the daily routine, personal hygiene, daily morning exercises or physical exercises, regular attendance at sports classes (training), and overcoming difficulties that arise in these classes. It is concluded that the effective formation of the value attitude of teenagers to physical culture and sports in the crisis conditions associated with the state of war in Ukraine requires the use of ideas of spiritual and physical improvement in the system of physical culture education. This can be achieved both in the process of educational and training classes, and through the educational process that takes place in educational institutions and the family circle. The functions of the general goal of this process are the formation of a personality capable of self-improvement.