Педагогічні основи фізичного виховання

Питання пов'язане з підвищенням ефективності фізичного виховання студентів. Розглядаються проблеми
фізичного здоров'я і залежність його від використаних методів і засобів рухової активності людини. Пропонуються
доступні за віком і фізичними можливостями шляхи розвитку рухових здібностей і адекватних педагогічних принципів. У
сукупності з фізичним вихованням використовується і моральне, як необхідна умова розвитку особистісних якостей
учнів і студентів.

The issues concerning the effectiveness of
students’ physical education. The problems of physical health and its dependence on the application of methods and means of
human moving activity are discussed. The ways of development of moving abilities and adequate pedagogical principles accessible
for age and physical abilities are offered. In combination with physical education can also be used the moral one as an inevitable
condition for the development of personal qualities of pupils and students.
In the secondary and even higher educational establishments in physical education classes pupils and students are
sometimes subjected to disciplinary requirements of the teacher’s orders: "do not run!", "stand still!", that means always to be in a
state of constant internal tension. Thus being deprived of moving freedom, they become obedient weapons, and they are in the most
unfavorable conditions for the body. Hence, there is a sense of internal protest and a negative attitude to physical education. If it was
formed at school, then it remains in the institute, university, and in the future, for many years of life.
Such "redundancy" in the creation of limited conditions destroys the healthy desire and the need for exercise, "killing in the
germ" any natural attempt to meet the need for movement, with the slightest manifestation.
Under the pretext of the educational discipline, children from the very early age are accustomed to such a system of
behavior, which constantly prohibits the manifestation of their moving instinct. A schoolchild has to stay immovable in the classroom
for 20-30 hours per week. In addition to it they have extracurricular classes, visit the canteen when no extra gestures, movements
and even facial expressions are allowed.
To move from one room to another they must walk calmly like "soldiers under the gun." The ideal of our school order is like
a complete immovability of students, under which they understand the form of self-discipline and complete submission to teachers.
Moving activity differs in the way, that besides exhaustion, this function has the ability to restore and accumulate energy
potential, including the excess one. Task of the coach or teacher is to use such a system of physical exercises which would become
attractive in shape and content giving the person ability to get enjoyment out of them and to meet the natural need for them. Only in
this case, physical education becomes permanent companion for preservation of physical health and the source of good mood.